蒙古族主要居住在内蒙古自治区及其毗邻的一些省、区,蒙古族牧民以食牛、羊肉及奶制品为主,粮、菜为辅。砖茶是牧民不可缺少的饮品,喝由砖茶煮成的咸奶茶,是蒙古族人们的传统饮茶习俗。在牧区,他们习惯于“一日三餐茶,一顿饭”。所以,喝咸奶茶,除了解渴外,也是补充人体营养的一种主要方法,每日清晨,主妇的第一件事就是先煮一锅咸奶茶,供全家整天享用。蒙古族喜欢喝热茶,早上,他们一边喝茶,一边吃炒米,将剩余的茶放在微火上暖着,以便随时取饮。通常一家人只在晚上放牧回家才正式用餐一次,但早、中、晚三次喝咸奶茶,一般是不可缺少的。
蒙古族喝的咸奶茶,用的多为青砖茶或黑砖茶,煮茶的器具是铁锅。煮咸奶茶时,应先把砖茶打碎,将洗净的铁锅置于火上,盛水2~3千克,烧水至刚沸腾时,加入打碎的砖茶50~80克。当水再次沸腾5分钟后,掺入牛奶,用奶量为不的五分之一左右,稍加搅动,再加入适量盐巴。等到整锅咸奶茶开始沸腾时,才算把咸奶茶煮了,即可盛在碗中待饮。
Mongolian Ethnic Minority: Tea with Milk
Living in Inner Mongolia and some areas adjoining to the province, the Mongolians mainly live on beef and mutton, complemented with rice and vegetables. The brick tea is an indispensable beverage to herdsmen and drinking salty tea with milk is a Mongolian tradition. The Mongolians usually have tea three times and one meal a day. To drink salty tea with milk is not only a way of quenching thirst but also the main nourishing source. Every morning, the first thing that a housewife does is to prepare a pot of salty tea with milk for the whole family. The Mongolians like drinking hot tea, so they usually drink the tea while eating fried rice in the morning and leave the pot on the fire. Every day, Mongolians go out in the early morning and graze the herd for a whole day, so they only have one meal in a day after they return home in the evening, but they keep drinking salty tea with milk three times a day.
The salty tea with milk uses green or black brick tea as its main material and an iron pot as the cooker. Fill the iron pot with 2-3 kilograms of water, and then put 50-80 grams of brick tea pieces into the pot once the water boils. After another 5 minutes, pour milk into the pot with a ratio of 1/5 to water and stir it, and then add certain amount of salt. When the whole pot of the mixture boils, the salty tea with milk is ready to be served.